Funding Options

Fully-Insured

Overview

Fully insured health insurance is a traditional coverage option where businesses pay a fixed premium to an insurance carrier. In return, the carrier assumes the financial risk for employee healthcare claims, offering stability but less customization compared to self-funded or level funded plans.

Costs

Costs associated with fully insured health insurance plans primarily include fixed monthly premiums. These premiums are predictable but typically do not offer the potential for refunds or cost savings based on claims experience, as is the case with self-funded or level funded plans. Additionally, employees may be responsible for out-of-pocket costs such as copayments, deductibles, and coinsurance, depending on the plan design chosen by the employer.

Network

Fully insured health insurance plans typically provide access to a predefined network of healthcare providers, which can include preferred provider organizations (PPOs), health maintenance organizations (HMOs), or exclusive provider organizations (EPOs). These networks offer employees a choice of doctors, specialists, hospitals, and clinics. Out-of-network care may be covered at a reduced level or may require higher out-of-pocket expenses..

Design

Fully insured health insurance plans offer a straightforward approach to employee benefits. Under these plans, businesses pay fixed monthly premiums to an insurance carrier, which assumes the financial risk for employees’ healthcare expenses. The plan design, including benefits, cost-sharing mechanisms, and provider networks, is typically standardized and set by the carrier, offering less flexibility and customization compared to self-funded or level funded plans. Employers benefit from predictable premium costs and may have fewer administrative responsibilities, but they have limited control over plan design and may experience less transparency regarding claims data and costs.

Level-Funded

Overview

Level funded insurance provides businesses with predictable monthly premiums and the potential for refunds if claims are lower than expected, offering financial stability and control over healthcare costs. It combines the benefits of self-funding with the simplicity of fully insured plans, making it an attractive option for many organizations.

Costs

Costs associated with level funded insurance plans typically include fixed monthly premiums, administrative fees, and stop-loss insurance premiums to protect against catastrophic claims. Additionally, businesses may budget for claims expenses based on the expected utilization of healthcare services by their employees, which can vary from month to month.

Network

Fully-Funded Plans offer employers a streamlined approach to group health coverage. With some control over plan design, employers can implement a plan that will meet their groups needs.

Design

Employers have the freedom to customize benefit designs to match their workforce’s specific needs, choosing from various options for coverage, cost-sharing, and provider networks the carrier provides. Level funded plans often include stop-loss insurance to protect against high claims, ensuring financial stability.

Self-Funded

Overview

Self-funded insurance plans can potentially lead to cost savings due to lower claims utilization, and employers have the flexibility to design customized benefit packages that align with their workforce’s needs. Additionally, businesses can take control of their healthcare expenses while enjoying transparency and the ability to implement cost management strategies effectively.

Costs

Costs associated with self-funded insurance plans encompass the payment of employee healthcare claims, administrative expenses, and potentially stop-loss insurance premiums to safeguard against unexpected high claims. While self-funded plans offer the potential for cost savings and customization, they require diligent financial management to ensure the stability and success of the program.

Network

Self-funded insurance plans offer employers the flexibility to choose from a variety of provider networks, including preferred provider organizations (PPOs), health maintenance organizations (HMOs), or exclusive provider organizations (EPOs). This flexibility allows employees to access a broad range of healthcare providers, giving them more choice and convenience in their healthcare decisions while potentially influencing cost considerations for the employer.

Design

Self-funded health insurance plans provide businesses with the freedom to design custom benefit packages that cater to the specific needs of their employees. Employers have control over plan design, including benefit options, cost-sharing mechanisms, and provider network configurations, allowing for tailored solutions that align with their goals and workforce requirements. Self-funded plans often include stop-loss insurance to protect against unexpectedly high claims, providing a safety net for employers while still offering customization and cost control advantages.

Self-Funded (unbundled)

Overview

Self-funded unbundled health insurance plans represent a versatile approach to employee benefits. In these plans, businesses assume control of their healthcare costs by directly funding employee claims while unbundling administrative services like claims processing, enrollment, and network management. This approach allows employers to select third-party administrators (TPAs) for specific services, providing tailored and cost-effective solutions that align with their unique needs and goals.

Costs

Costs associated with self-funded unbundled health insurance plans include funding employee healthcare claims, administrative fees paid to third-party administrators (TPAs) for specific services, and stop-loss insurance premiums to protect against catastrophic claims. This approach allows businesses to have more control over expenses, paying only for the administrative services they require. While self-funded unbundled plans offer potential cost savings and customization, employers must carefully manage and budget for both healthcare expenses and administrative fees to ensure financial stability.

Network

Self-funded unbundled health insurance plans provide businesses with the flexibility to choose and manage their provider networks independently. Employers can customize their network arrangements, including selecting third-party administrators (TPAs) to handle specific services like claims processing and network management. This flexibility allows for tailored network configurations that align with the needs and preferences of the workforce, providing employees with access to a broad range of healthcare providers and potentially influencing cost considerations for the employer.

Design

Self-funded unbundled health insurance plans offer businesses the freedom to design their employee benefit packages with precision. Employers can select specific administrative services from third-party administrators (TPAs) to create a customized plan that aligns with their workforce’s needs while maintaining cost control advantages associated with self-funding.

Health Financial Accounts

Health Reimbursement Accounts

Overview

Reimbursement Accounts, also known as Health Reimbursement Accounts (HRAs), are employer-funded benefit accounts designed to help employees cover qualified medical expenses.

Contributions

HRAs are established and funded by the employer as part of the employee benefits package. The employer determines the contribution amount, eligible expenses, and other plan details

Portability

Health Reimbursement Accounts (HRAs) are typically owned and funded by the employer. The employer establishes the HRA plan, contributes funds to it, and has control over plan details, including eligible expenses and contribution amounts. (HRAs) are typically not portable in the sense that employees cannot take their HRA funds with them if they change jobs or leave the company.

Customization

Employers can design the HRA plan to align with their overall benefits strategy. They can specify the types of expenses that are eligible for reimbursement, such as deductibles, co-pays, prescription medications, dental and vision care, and preventive services.

Health Savings Accounts

Overview

Health Savings Accounts (HSAs) are tax-advantaged savings accounts linked to high-deductible health insurance plans, allowing individuals to set aside pre-tax dollars for qualified medical expenses. HSAs offer a dual benefit of reducing taxable income while providing a dedicated fund for healthcare costs, making them a valuable tool for both savings and managing healthcare expenses.

Contributions

Contributions to Health Savings Accounts (HSAs) can be made by eligible individuals, typically those covered by a high-deductible health plan (HDHP). Both the account holder and their employer can contribute to an HSA, with certain annual contribution limits set by the IRS, offering a tax-advantaged way to save for medical expenses.

Portability

If an employee leaves employment, the funds inside their Health Savings Account (HSA) belong to them, and they retain full ownership and control of the account. They can continue to use the HSA for eligible medical expenses or save the funds for future healthcare needs, regardless of their employment status.

Customization

Employers have the flexibility to customize Health Savings Account (HSA) offerings to align with their benefits strategy and employee needs. They can choose to contribute to employees’ HSAs, set contribution limits, and even offer employer-sponsored contributions, which can be a valuable incentive to attract and retain talent. Additionally, employers can provide educational resources to help employees better understand and maximize the benefits of their HSAs, promoting financial well-being and responsible healthcare spending.

Flexible Spending Accounts

Overview

Flexible Spending Accounts (FSAs) are employer-sponsored tax-advantaged accounts that allow employees to set aside pre-tax dollars for eligible medical expenses, providing immediate tax savings and helping to reduce out-of-pocket healthcare costs.

Contributions

Flexible Spending Account (FSA) contributions are pre-tax deductions taken from an employee’s paycheck and deposited into their FSA account. Employers can choose to contribute to employees’ FSAs, but these contributions are less common than with Health Savings Accounts (HSAs).

Portability

Flexible Spending Accounts (FSAs) are typically not portable in the sense that they do not move with an employee to a new employer if they change jobs. When an employee leaves their job, they generally lose access to their FSA account and any remaining funds in it. The “use-it-or-lose-it” rule typically applies in this scenario.

Customization

Flexible Spending Accounts (FSAs) offer employers the flexibility to customize contribution limits, eligible expenses, plan year, and features like grace periods or carryovers to tailor the benefit to their employees’ needs, promoting greater financial flexibility and tax advantages within the parameters of IRS guidelines. Customization empowers employers to create benefits packages that align with their organization’s objectives and workforce demographics while enhancing employee satisfaction.